What is "Lamug"?
Rashi #1: It is an expression of movement.
Rashi #2: It is an expression of melting.
Why does it say "Lema'an Lamug Lev"?
Radak: It would have sufficed to say Lema'an Mug Lev, or Lamug Lev without Lema'an. It says both of them to strengthen the matter. It means, in order that their hearts will melt, and they will have more stumbling blocks.
Malbim: I put Ivchas (fear, or slaughter) of Nebuchadnetzar's sword and his fear on them to melt their hearts.
What is the meaning of "v'Harbe"?
Rashi: It is increase. Every Harbe in Tanach is an expression of increase; it is Pa'ul conjugation 1 .
Radak: It is Makor (infinitive), like "v'Hachaye Osam" (Yehoshua 9:20), "Hazne Hiznu" (Hoshe'a 4:18).
What is the significance of "Al Kol Sha'areihem"?
Malbim: I will increase their stumbling blocks on all their gates. Nebuchadnetzar's sword spread throughout the entire country and the cities around Yerushalayim.
What is "Ivchas Cherev"?
Rashi #1: This is like Tivchas (one slaughtered via a) Cherev. Tes is in place of Aleph according to At Bach (also Beis switches with Ches, Gimel with Zayin?).
Rashi #2, Radak: Some say that it is like Av'as, an expression of Ba'asah 1 (fear).
Rashi #3: It is hearing the voice of those killed via the sword, an expression of Nevichah (yelping). The Nun in Nevichah is a root letter that is sometimes omitted, like the Nun in Neshichah. There is an Aleph in place of it, like we find "v'Achavasi b'Azneichem" (Iyov 13:17), "Asuch Shamen" (Melachim II, 42).
Rashi citing Menachem: This is like Eimas 2 Cherev. This is based on context; there is nothing like this in Tanach.
Radak citing Targum Yonasan: It is those killed via the sword.
What is the meaning of "Ach Asuyah l'Varak"?
Rashi: Woe 1 , for [the sword] is made to be polished and shiny.
Radak citing his brother R. Moshe: Ach is an expression of Anachah (sighing). The Nun is omitted. This sword was made to shine ? i.e. it was polished in order that it will shine, to scare people.
Radak citing Targum Yonasan: Woe, the sword was removed to kill; it was sharpened to destroy.
What is "Me'utah [l'Tavach]"?
Rashi #1: It is Atuyah (wrapped) in a garment 1 until he will hold it in his palm to slaughter on the day of war.
Rashi #2: Some say that Me'utah is an expression of Mi'ut 2 (diminishing) ? it diminishes when they sharpen it.
Rashi citing Menachem: It is an expression of thought, like "Hasiv Eta" (Daniel 2:14).
Radak: Based on context, it means sharpened, like "Tevo'ach Tevach Huchadah" (15); there is nothing like this in Tanach.
Malbim: Nebuchadnetzar's sword will kill the minority (a third); two thirds will be via Yisrael's own swords 3 .
Rashi citing Dunash: This is like "Oteh Ohr ka'Salmah" (Tehilim 104:2). Radak citing his father ? it is Pa'ul conjugation with a Dagesh, like Meguleh from Gilah, and Mechuseh from Kisah.
Rashi: They err. The lack of a Vov and the Dagesh in the Tes show that Mem is not from the root, like the Mem in Me'onah, Meshuneh, Me'utah (what support does Rashi bring from this? This is the word in question! ? PF) and "Me'ulefes Sapirim" (Shir ha'Shirim 5:14).
Why does he attribute the rest to Yisrael's sword? Some will die via plague, hunger and the enemy's sword that pursues them to Egypt! (PF)
