1)

Why did Hashem bring darkness?

1.

Rashi: This was for a Sukah (cover and protection) - "the cloud and the darkness separated between [the camp of] Egypt and Yisrael" (Shemos 14:20).

2)

Why does it mention "Chashras Mayim Avei Shechakim"?

1.

Rashi: The darkness came from thick clouds that drip water on the ground.

2.

Malbim (Tehilim 18:12): Hashem sent clouds to give rain to extinguish the fire. This led to a new affliction - lightning.

3)

What is the meaning of "Chashras"?

1.

Rashi #1: It is an expression of a sieve; [from such clouds] fine [drops of water] fall on the ground.

2.

Rashi #2: It is an expression of being tied. Shamayim is tied with clouds via the water. "V'Chishureihem" (Melachim I, 7:33) said about the wheels of the Mechonah (laver), were wooden arms that tied the wheels together.

4)

Why does it say here "Chashras" and in Tehilim 18:12, "Cheshchas"?

1.

Radak: These are similar. When the clouds are tied to each other, there is darkness.

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