What basic Halachah is this Pasuk coming to teach us?
Rashi #1: It teaches us that the prohibition is confined to treating the crops as an owner, but does not extend to eating them. 1
Provided one declares them Hefker. See Sifsei Chachamim.
What are the implications of "Vehaysah Shabbas ha'Aretz lachem le'Ochlah"?
Rashi: They imply that one may only eat from what is Hefker, 1 but not from what is guarded.
Ramban and Moshav Zekenim: 'The land resting mentioned earlier in Pasuk 4 and the produce of the Shabbos year, shall be for you all as livelihood, for you, your servants, your animals and Chayos of the land'.
Sukah, 40a: The Torah compares "Lachem" to "le'Ochlah", to teach us that, like "le'Ochalah", "Lachem" is restricted to where the benefit occurs simultaneously with the destruction of the food ? to preclude using it for a fragrant smell or for soaking or washing clothes, where the benefit occurs only later.
Yerushalmi, Shevi'is, 7:1: It implies that the produce of the land shall be for all one's personal uses - for eating, drinking, anointing and dyeing'. 2
See Sifsei Chachamim and Torah Temimah, note 17.
See Torah Temimah, note 18. See also answer #4. Refer also to 25:7:2.1:2.
What are the implications of the word "Lachem le'Ochlah"?
Yerushalmi, Shevi'is, 7:1: Refer to 25:6:2:3.
Sifra: It implies 'for you', but not for Nochrim. 1
What are the implications of the word "le'Ochlah"?
Rashi #1 (in Yoma 86b): "le'Ochlah", 've'Lo le'Hefsed'; 1
Rashi #2 (in Rosh Hashanah, 22a): "le'Ochlah", 've'Lo li'Sechorah'. 2
Sukah, 40 a & b: "le'Ochlah", 've'Lo li'Mishrah (for soaking clothes), ve'Lo leKevisah (for washing clothes), ve'Lo li'Melugma (as a poultice), ve'Lo le'Ziluf (for sprinkling to sttle the dust) ve'Lo La'asos mimenah Apiktoizan' (as an anemic before the meal). 3
Bechoros, 12b: "le'Ochlah" exempts animals purchased with money of Shevi'is from the Bechorah ? since part of a B'chor goes on the Mizbe'ach, and is not eaten (and by the same token, one may not use it to purchase Menachos and Nesachim ? Sifra). 4
A prohibition against spoiling Sh'mitah-produce that is fit to eat. Refer also to 25:7:3:1. See Torah Temimah, note 21, who elaborates.
A prohibiton against selling Sh'mitah-produce ? including using an animal that one purchased with money of Shevi'is to redeem a Petter Chamor (Bechoros, 12b). See Torah Temimah, note 24.
See Torah Temimah, and note 23.
It is however, subject to Matanos (Zero'a, Lechayayim and Keivah), which are eaten See Torah Temimah, note 26.
Why does the Torah need to specify "L'cha u'le'Avdecha vela'Amasecha"?
Rashi: To teach us that the Heter to eat Sh'mitah produce extends to the wealthy owner, who may eat it just like his servants and maidservants. 1
Otherwise, since the Torah writes in Mishpatim, Sh'mos 23:11 "ve'Achlu Evyonei Amecha", we would have thought that only the poor are permitted to eat it. See Sifsei Chachamim - and "ve'Achlu Evyonei Amecha" teaches us that only the poor may (eat even after the time of Bi'ur - Riva).
Who are "Sechircha" and "Toshavcha" referring to?
Rashi: They refer to Nochrim 1 (Nochri laborers and [Nochri] guests respectively ? Sifra).
Targum Onkelos and Targum Yonasan: They refer to a hired laborer and a Ger Toshav, respectively.
Sifsei Chachamim: It cannot refer to Avadim Ivrim (during the first six years and after they have had their ears pierced, respectively) ? since they are included in "Avd'cha va'Amasecha". See also Torah Temimah, note 29, and Oznayim la'Torah.
QUESTIONS ON RASHI
Rashi writes that also the wealthy may eat Sh'mitah produce. How will the opinion in the Yerushalmi Shevi'is, 9:8 that forbids Ashirim after Bi'ur explain the Pasuk?
