What is the meaning of "Al Talshin Eved El Adonav"?
Rashi: Do not hand over judgment on a man, to scream to Hashem, even if he is a Rasha who curses his father and does all the abominations said here (11-14). A proof is Hoshe'a ben Be'eri, like it says in Pesachim 87a. He slandered Yisrael, and said 'switch them for another nation!' Hashem told him, "Kach Lecha Eshes Zenunim" (Hoshe'a 1:2, to teach him why this is improper).
Malbim (Derech ha'Pashut): Isi'el and Uchal knew of the plot (that the king's slave will rebel against him - refer to 30:31:3:3). They thought to tell the king; they took counsel with Agur. He told them, "do not slander a slave to his master" (refer to 30:10:2:1). Also, the generation deserves eradication (11).
Malbim (Derech ha'Muskal): These men Isi'el and Uchal, who philosophized in front of Agur, believed in Kadmus of the world (it always existed) or of physical matter. They said that the world stands by itself, via constant existence and loss and the four 'elements' changing their form and mixing. They adopted the heresy that the world conducts itself, and no one supervises or rules over it. They mocked idolatry. Agur told them, do not slander a slave who serves Hashem; refer to 30:10:2:2.
Why does it say "Pen Yekalelcha v'Ashamta"?
Malbim (Derech ha'Pashut): Since he was faithful in the king's house, perhaps the curse will return on the one who slandered. The slave will be vindicated, and the slanderers will be guilty for false slander.
Malbim (Derech ha'Muskal): Agur told them, do not slander a slave who serves Hashem, lest He curse you. His Master supervises and hears your words. He will curse you for this. You will be liable, for via your mindset they came to heresy.
