1)

Why does it say "Rafsah Damesek"?

1.

Rashi: They were too soft to fight.

2.

Radak: They could not stand against the enemy.

3.

Malbim: This is what they heard (verse 23), that Damesek was soft and wanted to flee.

2)

Did Anshei Damesek flee?

1.

Radak (25): Yes.

2.

Abarvenel, Malbim: They wanted to, but they were unable, for trembling seized them.

3)

What is "Retet"?

1.

Rashi: It is trembling. Radak - this is like Reses.

4)

Why does it say "Achazatah" (feminine singular)? It applies also to "Chavalim" (masculine plural)!

1.

Radak: When the subject is a male and female, the verb is conjugated like the one that is adjacent to the verb, e.g. "va'Tdaber Miryam v'Aharon" (Bamidbar 12:1), "va'Tichtov Esther


1

However, it says "Nitach Api va'Chamasi" (42:18), for then the verb is next to the masculine subject. (PF)

5)

What were the "Chavalim ka'Yoledah"?

1.

Malbim: The fortress was captured and the Am was killed. The Navi always metaphorically calls this a Yoledes, who expels the matters (fetuses) in her full womb.

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