1)

What did Hashem show to him?

1.

Rashi: Punishments ? He wants to bring locusts.

2.

Malbim: I mentioned above (refer to 4:6:1:2) that Hashem punished them with five kinds of punishments so they will repent, and they did not. The first three were via hunger; the last two were plague and the sword. Since they still did not repent, Midas ha'Din was stretched against them to eradicate them ? "Zos E'eseh Lach? Yisrael" (4:12). Hashem showed him the punishments being carried out. First he saw hunger. First rain was withheld three months before the harvest. After was Shidafon and Yerakon, and then locusts ? the last punishment of hunger.

2)

What is "Yotzer Govai"?

1.

Radak #1: Gathering locusts. This is like "va'Yitzer Hashem Elokim Min ha'Adamah Kol Chayas ha'Sadeh? va'Yave El ha'Adam Lir'os Mah Yikra Lo" (Bereishis 2:19) ? gathering. Yotzer is a noun. Its grammatical form is like "v'Es ha'Yoser Hecheramnu" (Shmuel I, 15:15).

2.

Radak #2: It is formation of locusts. He saw in a prophetic vision that Hashem was forming the locusts at the time that he saw them. This is like Targum Yonasan 'Biryas Govai.'

3.

Radak #3: Yotzer is a verb. He saw Hashem forming them. The Targum of "Arbe" (Shemos 10:4) is Gova. The Yud at the end of Govai is for the plural. There should be also a Mem for the plural; it is as if it says Govim, only the Yud is written. Similarly, "v'Kara Lo Chalonai" (Yirmeyah 22:14) is like Chalonim; "va'Chashufei Shes" (Yeshayah 20:4) is like va'Chashufim. We find "k'Mashak Gevim" (Yeshayah 33:4).

3)

What is "Alos ha'Lekesh"?

1.

Rashi: Lekesh is an expression of Malkosh (the latter rains. Then,) the grain ascends in its sheaf.

2.

Radak: Lekesh is the last herb that grows, just like the last rainfall is called Malkosh.

4)

What do we learn from "v'Hinei Lekesh Achar Gizei ha'Melech"?

1.

Rashi: It sprouts after those who cut the king's grain cut fodder for animals, before the grain ascends on the stalk. This is like Targum Yonasan ? was cut Shichasa of the king. A Mishnah (Menachos 71a) says, 'he harvests for Shachas and feeds to animals.'

2.

Radak: Lekesh arises after grass for the king's animals was cut. The locusts ate the Lekesh.

3.

Targum Yonasan: Behold, a fine [herb] sprouted after the king's fodder was cut. Radak ? he explains Lekesh like Litzmo'ach (sprouting).

4.

Malbim: Lekesh is grain that grows via Malkosh (the last rain). When it started to grow, Hashem formed the locusts to destroy it. This was after they sheared the king's flocks, in the middle of the summer 1 . The Lekesh grew then; it was late, due to lack of rain.


1

One should shear them at the beginning of summer, lest they be too hot! Perhaps we are concerned lest it get cold again. Or, it is better to shear after the wool dried out. (PF)

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