D.A.F.'s Moadim section

1) Origins -

Why is this poem inserted in the midst of the Haftarah? What function did it originally serve? What are its parallels to "Akdamus" (which is recited on Day 1)?

1. Discussion for Megilah 31:5

2) לאת ודגם בריבוא ריבבן עירין -

What does the word "Irin" mean? What is the source for the idea that Hashem "stands out among myriads" of them? When did Hashem demonstrate this?

1. Mafteach to Daniel 4:14:1

2. Point by Point Outlines for Chagigah 16:1:c, til e.

3. Mafteach to Shemos 20:2:2:4

3) דפסלין ארבעה טורין -

The author refers to himself as having carved out "Arba'ah Turin" (lit., four mountains). What does this mean? (The halachic work by that title was authored more than a century later!)

1. Point by Point Outlines for Megilah 28:3:j, til k

4) קדמוהי לגו מוֹהִי -

What is the source for use of the nickname "Mo'hi," to refer to Moshe Rabeinu? (The literal meaning of "Mo'hi" is "his water." What is Moshe Rabeinu's association with water?)

1. Ran to Nedarim 10:4:b

2. Mafteach to Shemos 2:10:1:4

3. Mafteach to Shemos 2:10:1.4

5) בטור תלגא -

Why is Har Sinai described as "mountain of snow"?

1. Discussion for Megilah 31:5:2:4, part d.

6) ברא וסכא מה בחשוכא -

What is the Scriptural source for this praise? What is the distinction between human vision and Hashem's knowledge?

1. Mafteach to Daniel 2:22

7) גבר ענוותן -

Why does the author refer to R' Yonasan Ben Uziel, the author of the Targum on Nevi'im, as "man of humility"? Is there an alternate explanation for this last line?

1. Point by Point Outlines for Megilah 3:2:b

2. Discussion for Megilah 31:5:2:3, part c.

בהרבה קהילות אומרים את הפיוט "יציב פתגם" אחרי התחלת ההפטרה. הפיוט היה פתיחה למתורגמן לתרגום יונתן בן עוזיאל, להפטרה של יו"ט (ראה תוספות מגילה כד. ד"ה ואם).	Many communities insert the Piyut "Yetziv Pisgam" upon beginning the Haftarah. It introduced the recitation of Targum Yonasan Ben Uziel to the Haftarah (see Tosfos to Megilah 24a, DH v'Im).
יְצִיב פִּתְגָם. לְאָת וּדְגָם. בְּרִיבּוֹא רִיבְבָן עִירִין.	True is His word - He Who stands out among His myriads upon myriads of angelic beings.
עֲנֵי אַנָּא בְּמִנְיָנָא. דְּפַסְּלִין אַרְבָּעָה טוּרִין:	I declare among those people who carve out four mountains [i.e. study the Torah]:
קֳדָמוֹהִי לְגוֹ מוֹהִי נְגִיד וּנְפִיק נְהַר דְּנְוּרִין.	From Him to Moshe Rabeinu, as a river of fire it flowed forth.
בְּטוּר תַּלְגָּא. נְהוֹר שְׁרָגָא. וְזִיקִּין דְּנוּר וּבְעוּרִין:	On a mountain [white as] snow, glowed a light, and sparks of fire and flames.
בְּרָא וּסְכָא. מַה בַּחֲשׁוֹכָא. וְעִמֵּיהּ שְׁרָיָּין נְהוֹרִין.	He created and sees what is hidden in darkness, and with Him dwells light;
רְחִיקֵי צְפָא. בְּלָא שִׁטְפָא. וְגַלְיָין לֵיהּ דְּמִטַּמְּרִין:	He sees what is distant, and does not make mistakes by rushing, and revealed to Him are hidden things.
בָּעִית מִינֵּיהּ. יָת הוּרְמָנֵיהּ. וּבָתְרוֹהִי עֲדֵי גוּבְרִין.	I seek from Him His permission, and afterwards [I ask] of men:
יָדְעֵי הִילְכְתָא. וּמַתְנִיתָא. תּוֹסֶפְתָּא. סִיפְרָא וְסִפְרִין:	Of those versed in law and Mishnah, Tosefta, Sifra, and Sifri.
מֶלֶךְ חַיָּיא. לְעָלְמַיָּיא. יְמַגֵּן עַם לְהוֹן מְשַחֲרִין.	The Living King, Eternal, may He shield the people who seek Him.
אֲמִיר עֲלֵיהוֹן. כְּחָלָא יהוֹן וְלָא יִתְמְנוּן הֵיךְ כְּעַפְרִין:	He spoke concerning them: "They shall be as the sand, and impossible to count like dust."
יְחַוּוְרוּן כְּעָן לְהוֹן בִּקְעָן. יְטוּפוּן נַעֲווֹיֵי חַמְרִין.	Let their valleys now be white [with sheep]; let their wine-tanks drip with wine;
רְעוּתְהוֹן הַב. וְאַפֵּיהוֹן צְהַב. יִנְהַרוּן כִּנְהוֹר צַפְרִין:	Grant them their desire; make their faces glow; let them shine like the light of morning.
וְלִי הַב תְּקוֹף וְעֵינָךְ זְקוֹף. חֲזֵי עָרָךְ. דְּבָךְ כַּפְרִין.	And to me grant strength; and lift Your eyes, behold Your enemies who reject You.
יְהוֹן כְּתִיבְנָא. בְּגוֹ לִבְנָא. כְּאַבְנָא יִשְׁתְּקוּן חַפְרִין:	May they be like the straw baked into bricks; silenced as stone, in humiliation.
(כְּקָאִימְנָא. וְתַרְגִּימְנָא. בְּמִילּוֹי דִּבְחִיר סַפְרִין.)	(As I stand and translate [the Haftarah], with words chosen by the select of scribes...)
יְהוֹנָתָן גְּבַר עִנְווָתָן. בְּכֵן לֵיהּ יִנְמְטֵי אַפִּרִין:	Yonatan (ben Uziel), man of humility; for this [translation] he deserves tribute and accolades.

YETZIV PISGAM