Why does it say "Al Radfo va'Cherev Achiv"?
Rashi: Edom said "Pen ba'Cherev Etzei Likrasecha" (Bamidbar 20:18).
Radak #1: Yakov fled from Esav 1 .
Radak #2: This refers to Churban Bayis Sheni, like I explained the two previous Parshiyos.
Malbim: This was the time of Churban Bayis Rishon 2 .
When Esav came against Yakov with 400 men, Yakov did not flee! Radak refers to after Yakov took the Brachos. Esav sent his son Elifaz to kill Yakov (Rashi Bereishis 29:11). His Shali'ach is like himself; it is as if Esav himself chased him. (PF)
Malbim (Tehilim 137:7): Bnei Edom helped to destroy Yerushalayim [in Bayis Rishon]. Metzudas David (ibid.) ? they incited Bavel to totally destroy it "Ad ha'Yesod."
Why does it say "v'Shiches Rachamav"?
Radak: The way of the world is that one has mercy on his brother ? he nullified this.
What do we learn from "va'Yitrof la'Ad Apo"?
Rashi: He stills bears his anger, and did not retract and abandon it.
Radak #1: Esav's anger at Yakov was forever; until the last generations he tore Yisrael whenever he had the ability. His anger is what tears.
Radak #2: He tears in his anger. It should say b'Apo; the prefix Beis is omitted.
Malbim: This refers to the Romiyim destroying Yerushalayim [in Churban Sheni]. Mahari proved that Romi is from Bnei Edom.
Why does it add "v'Evraso Shemarah Netzach"?
Radak: The matter is repeated in different words 1 .
Malbim: Evrah is anger that passes its limit, to do evil even to those who did not sin. Bnei Edom have a general Evrah against Yisrael via their Emunah. They guard this in their heart forever to take vengeance on Klal Yisrael and destroy them. They decreed death and Shmad (forbade Mitzvos) in every generation.
Radak: There is no Dagesh in the Hei in Shemarah, even though it is a feminine pronoun (it refers to his anger); it is mi'L'eil (the penultimate syllable is accented) because it is read with the coming word Netzach, whose first syllable is accented.
