1)

What is "Shetef Over"?

1.

Rashi: It is flooding anger.

2.

Radak: The place of Ninveh, which was mentioned, He will flood it once, and its place will be eradicated. It will not be recognized that there was a city there.

3.

Malbim: The previous verse depicts Hashem as a fortress from affliction. He is also a flood to finish the affliction. He will eradicate the place from which the affliction came to the world (Eretz Ashur).

2)

Why does it say "Kalah Ya'aseh Mekomah"?

1.

Rashi: He will eradicate the place of the land. This refers to "va'Tisa ha'Aretz mi'Panav" (5).

2.

Malbim: Refer to 1:8:1:3.

3)

What is the meaning of "Yeradef Choshech"?

1.

Radak: This is Po'el Yotzei Shelishi (one causes a second to act on a third party). Hashem causes darkness to chase the enemies. Darkness is a Mashal for a great affliction.

2.

Malbim: Hashem made the Chidekel river flood Ninveh, and the entire city fled, as if their path is darkness and slippery and Hashem's angel chases them, like I explained above (refer to 1:1:3:1*).

Sefer: Perek: Pasuk:

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