What is "Ru'ach"?
Metzudas Tziyon: It is anger, like "Yinchal Ru'ach" (Mishlei 11:29).
Who is "ha'Moshel"?
Rashi: It is the Ruler of the world.
Ibn Ezra #1: The poor Chacham whose words are heard better than the "Moshel ba'Kesilim" (9:17).
Ibn Ezra #2, Rashbam, Ri Kara, Rid: A human authority who rules over you.
What is "Ta'aleh Alecha"?
Rashi: If He will be meticulous after you (your deeds) with Midas ha'Din.
Ibn Ezra #1: If you rise to authority "Ki mi'Beis ha'Surim Yatzah Limloch" (4:14)
Why does it say "Mekomecha Al Tanach"?
Rashi: Do not abandon 1 your good Midah, and say 'my virtue will not help me.'
Ibn Ezra #1: If you rise to authority, do not cease to engage in Chachmah, like you used to, as if you did not rise in level.
Ibn Ezra #2: [If the ruler gets angry at you,] do not veer from seeking Chachmah.
Rashbam, Ri Kara, Metzudas David: Do not flee from there due to fear of the ruler.
Rid: Just like you used to be submissive to him, go supplicate in front of him with words of appeasement, so he will pardon you.
Seforno: Sometimes you must defeat the folly of the ruler with your Chachmah.
Metzudas Tziyon: Tanach is abandoning.
What is the meaning of "Ki Marpei Yani'ach [Chata'im Gedolim]"?
Rav Sadya Gaon: Slackening (Ibn Ezra #1 - due to your rise in authority) causes [great sins].
Rashi: Meticulous judgment with afflictions that come on you, they are a cure for you; they will give to you respite from great sins.
Ibn Ezra #2: This is like "Harpeh Lah" (Melachim II, 4:27). The Aleph is in place of a Hei, like "Al Ken Hu Marpei" (Yirmeyah 38:4).
Ibn Ezra #3: An Ish Marpei (a doctor) avoids great sins. He does not eat something that will cause great damage, just like a Chacham abandons anything that will make him sin, for which the ruler will be angry at him.
Rashbam: Heal your tongue; appease him with words of supplication, so he will abandon (pardon) great sins that you did against him. Marpei is like "u'Leshon Chachamim Marpei" (Mishlei 12:18).
Ri Kara: If he will punish you now, tomorrow he will soften and abandon (pardon) you from great sins.
Rid: Soft words quiet great sins - "v'Leshon Rachah Tishbar Garem" (Mishlei 25:15).
Seforno: Via your Chachmah, the foolish ruler will pardon great sins - "Yesh Boteh k'Madkeros Cherev u'Leshon Chachamim Marpei" (Mishlei 12:18).
Metzudas David: The slackening 1 that you evade him and are not in his hand (control), this will accumulate great sins. Fleeing will increase your sin; he will not have mercy on you when he catches you.
Metzudas Tziyon: Marpei is an expression of Rifyon. Yani'ach is an expression of placing.
