1)

What do we learn from "miYad She'ol Efdem mi'Maves Eg'alem"?

1.

Pesachim 87b: Hashem exiled Yisrael to Bavel only because it is as deep as She'ol (Gehinom) [from which He promised to redeem them].

2.

Yevamos 17a: From She'ol I will redeem them, and from death" - but there is no remedy for Pesulim of Herpanya (a place of poor lineage).

3.

Rashi: I would have redeemed them from She'ol and from death, but now (refer to 13:14:2:1).

4.

Radak: I would redeem them from She'ol if they were Chachamim. The matter is repeated in different words. - "mi'Maves Eg'alem."

5.

Malbim: Then was time to be born. I intended to redeem them from She'ol, that they would repent amidst many afflictions and birth contractions, and redeem them from Melech Ashur, and from death. She'ol is a Mashal for Galus. Hashem intended to save them from Galus, and from many that Melech Ashur killed. However, they did not repent.

2)

What is the meaning of "Ehi Devarecha Maves"?

1.

Rashi: I will set Myself to speak words of death about you.

2.

Radak #1: Now that he is not Chacham, rather, base and denies My good, not only will I not redeem him from death - I will bring death upon him via Dever, the sword, hunger and evil Chayos. "Devarecha" are words that I sent to you, and you did not heed My voice. It will cause death to you. "Devarecha" is like Devarai - the pronoun can refer to the object (for who the words are) or the subject (the One who spoke them). Similarly, "v'Simachtim b'Veis Tefilasi", "Shamati Es Tefilasecha" (Yeshayah 56:7, 38:5).

3.

Radak #2: Devarecha is like Dever (plague), for it is next to "Katavcha" - "mi'Dever ba'Ofel Yahaloch mi'Ketev Yashud Tzaharayim" (Tehilim 91:6).

4.

Radak citing Targum Yonasan: My word will be among you to kill...

5.

Malbim: This addresses death (it is personified). Not only did I not redeem [Yisrael] from your hands - I will be your Dever - your Shali'ach to kill.

3)

What is the meaning of "Ehi Katavcha She'ol"?

1.

Rashi: I will put upon you the decree of She'ol.

2.

Radak: I will cause you to be cut off to She'ol. Katav is cutting. The same applies to "mi'Ketev Yashud Tzaharayim" (Tehilim 91:6). Targum Yerushalmi of "Lachtov Etzim" (Devarim 19:5) is Lemiktav A'in.

3.

Malbim: This addresses She'ol. You use Ketev Merari to eradicate people - I will be your Shali'ach to exile them. Not only will I not redeem them, since they did not repent - rather, I will eradicate them with death and exile from their land with My Hashgachah. I will help this occur!

4)

What will be hidden from My eyes?

1.

Rashi: I will not retract from this evil. Nochem is an expression of retraction. The Mem is from the root, like No'am, for the penultimate syllable is accented, and the Ches has a Patach. If it were an expression of Nach, and the Mem were a plural pronoun, the last syllable would be accented, and there would be a Kamatz under the Ches, like Rucham.

2.

Malbim: Regret is always the reason to retract a harsh decree. When the nation regrets their deeds and repents, Hashem retracts the evil that He said to do. Now I do not see regret in the nation, so I will not regret the evil that I decreed.

Sefer: Perek: Pasuk:

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