What are the implications of the juxtaposition of "Ve'achlta ... " to the Mitzvah of "Aser Te'aser"?
Bava Metzi'a, 88a: It implies that one is only obligated to Ma'aser what one harvests with the intention of eating, but not what one intends to sell. 1
See Torah Temimah, note 49.
Which Ma'aser is this Pasuk referring to?
Rashi, Ramban and Targum Yonasan: It is referring to Ma'aser Sheini which must be eaten within the walls of Yerushalayim. 1
Seforno: It is referring to the Ma'aser of crops (Ma'aser Sheini) and animals (Ma'aser Beheimah). 2
Rashi: It cannot be referring to Ma'aser Rishon, which the Torah already discussed in Bamidbar, 18:26, and which can be eaten anywhere (since it is Chulin which, in any case, does not require redemption - Ramban) - as the Torah stated there in Pasuk 31. (Nor, for the same reason, can the Torah be referring to Ma'aser Ani, which the Pasuk discusses in Pasuk 28).
Seforno: Because giving Ma'aser causes an increase in one's crops and in one's flocks, as the Gemara says in Ta'anis, 9a 'Aser Bishvil she'Tis'asher' (Give Ma'aser in order to become wealthy).
Why does the Torah insert the (otherwise superfluous) word "Leshaken Sh'mo Sham"?
Zevachim, 50a: To teach us via a Gezeirah Shavah "Sham" "Vezavachta Shelamim Ve'achalta Sham" - Ki Savo, 27:7 - in connection with Har Gerizim and Har Eival, that with the money of Ma'aser Sheini one purchases Shelamim. 1
See Torah Temimah, note 50.
Why is "Tiroshcha" written Chaser - minus the 'Vav'?
Why does the Torah insert B'chor Beheimah, which is eaten by Kohanim in the Pasuk of Ma'aser Sheini, which a Yisrael may also eat? Moreover, the Torah discusses B'chor later - in 15:19-20)?
Hadar Zekenim, Moshav Zekenim and Riva #1: People used to separate two Bechoros - the first from the womb is [mi'd'Oraisa] for Kohanim. Here the Pasuk is discussing the second, which is born first from the flock 1 and is permitted to Zarim.
Riva #2: Regarding B'chor, the Torah discusses Kohanim. Seeing as Kohanim eat the Bechoros also of a Yisrael, the Torah writes"Bekarcha ve'Tzonecha" to teach us that they are obligated to eat in Yerushalayim only Bechoros of their own animals. 2
Rosh Hashanah 5b: To teach us that, like Ma'aser Sheini, a B'chor does not become Pasul from one year to the next. 3
Temurah 21a (according to R. Yishmael): To teach us that, like B'chor, 4 Ma'aser Sheini may only be eaten while the Beis-Hamikdash is standing and that nowadays, one may not take it to Yerushalayim to be eaten. 5
Temurah 21b (according to R. Akiva): To teach us that like Ma'aser Sheini is taken only from [what grows in] Eretz Yisrael, so too may one bring Bechoros to be sacrificed 6 only animals that are born in Eretz Yisrael.
Temurah 21b )according to Ben Azai in): To teach us that like B'chor, Ma'aser Sheini may only be eaten within the walls of Yerushalayim (but not outside, even in a location from where one can see Yerushalayim).
Temurah: To teach us that B'chor, like Ma'aser, does not become Pasul from one year to the next. 7
Moshav Zekenim: This is like Bikurim of trees - "Reishis Bikurei Admasecha" (Sh'mos 23:19. It is a Chidush that a Pasuk teaches us about a Minhag! However, we find that Pesukim teach about the way people fulfilled Mitzvos in practice, even what the Torah did not require it. Refer to Bamidbar 15:39:152:1 - PF)
But if they receive the B'chor of a Yisrael, they are permitted to wait for it to obtain a blemish in order to eat it outside Yerushalayim (PF).
See Torah Temimah, note 53.
See Torah Temimah, note 52.
See Torah Temimah, note 54.
See Torah Temimah, note 55.
What does "Degancha" incorporate?
The five species of grain - wheat, barley, rye, oats and spelt.
?Ma?asar Degancha Tiroshcha ve'Yitzharecha". Why is "Tiroshcha" written Chaser - minus the 'Vav'?
?u?Vechoros Bekarch ve?Tzonecha?. Who eats B?chor Beheimah?
R. Bachye: Kohanim exclusively. 1
Kedushas B?chor remains in full force even nowadays and even in Chutz la?Aretz. See R. Bachye who elaborates.
?u?Vechoros Bekarch ve?Tzonecha?. Why does the Torah insert B'chor Beheimah, which is eaten by Kohanim, in the Pasuk of Ma'aser Sheini, which a Yisrael may also eat? Moreover, the Torah discusses B'chor later - in 15:19-20?
Hadar Zekenim, Moshav Zekenim and Riva #1: People used to separate two Bechoros - the first from the womb is [mi'd'Oraisa] for Kohanim. Here the Pasuk is discussing the second, which is born first from the flock 1 and is permitted to Zarim.
Riva #2: Regarding B'chor, the Torah discusses Kohanim. Seeing as Kohanim eat the Bechoros also of a Yisrael, the Torah writes"Bekarcha ve'Tzonecha" to teach us that they are obligated to eat in Yerushalayim only Bechoros of their own animals. 2
Rosh Hashanah 5b: To teach us that, like Ma'aser Sheini, a B'chor does not become Pasul from one year to the next. 3
Temurah 21a (according to R. Yishmael): To teach us that, like B'chor, 4 Ma'aser Sheini may only be eaten while the Beis-Hamikdash is standing and that nowadays, one may not take it to Yerushalayim to be eaten. 5
Temurah 21b (according to R. Akiva): To teach us that like Ma'aser Sheini is taken only from [what grows in] Eretz Yisrael, so too may one bring Bechoros to be sacrificed 6 only animals that are born in Eretz Yisrael.
Temurah 21b) according to Ben Azai in): To teach us that like B'chor, Ma'aser Sheini may only be eaten within the walls of Yerushalayim (but not outside, even in a location from where one can see Yerushalayim).
Temurah: To teach us that B'chor, like Ma'aser, does not become Pasul from one year to the next. 7
Moshav Zekenim: This is like Bikurim of trees - "Reishis Bikurei Admasecha" (Sh'mos 23:19. It is a Chidush that a Pasuk teaches us about a Minhag! However, we find that Pesukim teach about the way people fulfilled Mitzvos in practice, even what the Torah did not require it. Refer to Bamidbar 15:39:152:1 - PF). See also Chavel?s footnotes on R. Bachye.
But if they receive the B'chor of a Yisrael, they are permitted to wait for it to obtain a blemish in order to eat it outside Yerushalayim (PF).
See Torah Temimah, note 53.
See Torah Temimah, note 52.
See Torah Temimah, note 54.
What are the connotations of (the otherwise superluous) words "Lema'an Tilmad Leyir'ah ? Kol ha'Yamim"?
Yevamos, 93a: It refers to Shabbasos and Yamim-Tovim - permitting taking Ma'aser on Erev Shabbos and Yom-Tov even though the Tevel has not yet arrived. 1
See Torah Temimah, note 57. Despite the fact that - either it is a 'Davar she'Lo Ba le'Olam' or 'because it is not min ha'Mukaf (the fruit that he is Ma'asering is not next to the Ma'aser that he is taking.
What does "Degancha" incorporate?
The five species of grain - wheat, barley, rye, oats and spelt.
What is the significance of "Degancha Tiroshcha ve'Yitzharecha"?
Ramban (on Pasuk 22) #1: It teaches us that Ma'aser applies only to grain, wine and (olive) oil. 1
Ramban (on Pasuk 22) #2: The Torah writes "Tirashcha ve'Yitzharecha" (and not 'Anavecha ve'Zeisecha') to teach us that one is only obligated to Ma'aser grapes after they have been made into wine and olives after they have been made into oil.
Da'as Zekenim and Rosh (on Pasuk 22): If you ztake Ma'aser, it is considered your grain, your wine and your oil; if not the grain, wine and oli is Mine - and, as the Navi writes in " Hoshe'a 2:11 "ve'Lakachti Degani be'Ito ve'Siroshi".
Though the Rabbanan obligated Ma'asering all fruits.
