Why did Hashem say that He will give a place for Yisrael? He already gave to them!
'Rashi': This will not be like in the days of Sha'ul - when he was killed, Yisrael fled and Pelishtim dwelled in place of them.
Rashi (Shmuel II, 7:10): I will give to them serenity - in the lifetime of your son.
Targum Yonasan (Shmuel II, 7:10): I will give to them a Metukan place. Radak (ibid.) - i.e. it will be a proper place. Shamayim will give its dew, the land will give its produce, and there will be Brachah.
Radak (Shmuel II, 7:10, citing Tanchuma Terumah 9): "Samti Makom" refers to the Beis ha'Mikdash. R. Shmuel bar Rav Yitzchak learns from here that when the Beis ha'Mikdash will be built, there will be foundations for the world - "Samti... u'Ntativ..."
Vilna Gaon: This refers to conquering Eretz Yisrael.
Malbim (Shmuel II, 7:10): From the days of Moshe until Yehoshua conquered the land, Yisrael did not have a fixed place. They moved from place to place, and also the Mishkan moved. After the conquest they had a fixed place, but not rest; they pursued and killed their enemies all the days of the Shoftim, until Shlomo. Now I will give to them a place from where the enemies will not expel them.
What is the meaning of "u'Ntativ v'Shachen Tachtav"?
'Rashi': Refer to 17:9:1:1.
Radak (Shmuel II, 7:10, citing Targum Yonasan): I will establish them permanently in the land, not to be exiled from it - "u'Ntatim Al Admasam" (Amos 9:15), just like a tree stays in its place. "Tachtav" is in its place, like "Shevu Ish Tachtav" (Shemos 16:29).
Vilna Gaon: This refers to dividing Eretz Yisrael, each one in his place. This is like planting.
Malbim (Shmuel II, 7:10): They will be fixed in their place like a tree, and not need to leave their border to fight the enemy.
What is the meaning of "v'Lo Yirgaz Od"?
Radak (Shmuel II, 7:10) citing Targum Yonasan: They will not be exiled from their place, for Rogez is the opposite of rest - "v'Lo Nachti va'Yavo Rogez" (Iyov 3:26), "Mosdos Shamayim Yirgazu" (below, 22:8).
Malbim (Shmuel II, 7:10): [When they will have a fixed place,] they will not be full of anger [like when they wandered to and fro].
Here it says "Levaloso". In Shmuel II, 7:10 it says "La'anoso"!
'Rashi': Levaloso is like La'anoso.
Brachos 7b: Initially it discusses afflicting (Yisrael), and at the end, Lechaloso (finishing them off). Radak (Shmuel II, 7:10) - i.e. initially, when the Beis ha'Mikdash was built, Hashem said that the enemy will not afflict them. After they sinned, He said that the enemy will not finish them off 1 . Vilna Gaon - in Bayis Rishon, the enemy could not even afflict them. At the end, in Bayis Sheni, other kings subjugated them, but Yisrael were not given Livlos 2 . Malbim - after they sinned, the decree was changed. 3
Maharsha (7b): Also after the Churban, during the 70 years of exile, He did not finish them off.
R. Akiva Eiger (7b): This is the Gemara's text. Our text in the verse is "Levaloso". Vilna Gaon implies that his text of the Gemara said 'Levaloso'. Perhaps editors 'corrected' it based on the text in our verse. (PF)
Why is "the enemy will not afflict them" not like a promise for good, from which Hashem does not retract? (PF)
What is the meaning of "ba'Rishonah"?
Rashi (Shmuel II, 7:11): It is before I commanded Shoftim over them. Radak (Shmuel II, 7:10) - however, now that kingship came on them, Resha'im will not afflict them any more.
Vilna Gaon: It is in Bayis Rishon.
