What is the connection between this Pasuk and the previous one?
Seforno: After warning about honoring the upper strata of society, 1 the Torah warns against denigrating the lower segment of the people.
Moshav Zekenim #1 (citing the Rosh): Just like I command you to honor a Zaken because he is weak, so I command you not to afflict a convert, who is weak in your land. 2
Moshav Zekenim #2: It is to teach [that one must stand] even for an old Nochri. 3
Oznayim la'Torah: To teach us that, a Talmid Chacham who is appointed to a high position is forgiven for all his sins. 4 - like a Ger who converts, 5
Megilah, 17b: The Torah juxtaposes a Ger to a Zakein to teach us that when Davening, we should mention Geirim together with Tzadikim. 6
Yerushalmi Bikurim, 3:3: To teach us that, just as Hashem pardons a Ger for all his past sins, so too, does He pardon a Chacham who is appointed to a high position. 7
Refer to 19:32:0.1:1.
Since he did not inherit land here, and he does not have family to support him. (PF)
It is no Chidush that one must stand even for an old Ger. Therefore, since they were taught together, we learn even for an old Nochri. (PF).
Oznayim la'Torah: And we find this comparison in the Amidah. Refer to 19:31:1:5*.
Oznayim la'Torah (citing Bikurim, 3:3): Who, in turn, is like a Katan she'Nolad. See Oznayim la'Torah.
In the B'rachah of 'Al ha'Tzadikim'.
See Torah Temimah, note 247.
Why does the Torah add the word "ve'Chi Yagur Itcha Ger"?
Yevamos, 46b #1: It teaches us that if a man comes to town and claims that he is a Ger, he is not believed. 1
Yevamos 46b #2: Having said "be'Artz'chem" in Eretz Yisrael, "Itcha" implies 'wherever you are', even in Chutz la'Aretz.
Yevamos, 47a: Having taught us - via the word "be'Artz'chem" that one may accept Geirim in Chutz la'Aretz, "Itcha" teaches us that one may accept Geirim even in Eretz Yisrael. 2
Yevamos, 46b: Unless he brings witnesses who testify that they heard that he converted in a different location. Torah Temimah: Seeing as the Torah writes "be'Artz'chem", implying that he is accepted as a Ger even though he converted in a different location.
Yevamos (Ibid.): And we do not suspect the Nochri of converting purely for the benefits of Eretz Yisrael before the Churban or because of Leket, Shikchah and Pe'ah and Ma'aser Ani even after the Churban. See also Torah Temimah, note 255.
Why does the Torah add the word "be'Artz'chem"?
Refer to 19:33:1.1:1* & 2.
Oznayim la'Torah: To negate the claim that Eretz Yisrael is only for native Yisre'elim. 1
Oznayim la'Torah: And Hashem promised Eretz Yisrael to Avraham, who was called 'the father of many nations' (Bereishis, 17:5).
What are the connotations of "Lo Sonu oso"?
Rashi, Seforno and Targum Yonasan: It refers to Ona'as Devarim - hurting a Ger verbally. 1 One should not, for example, say to him 'Yesterday you worshipped idols and now you are coming to study the Torah 2 that was given by the Almighty (and if he the son of Geirim, he should not say 'Remember the deeds of your fathers - Bava Metzi'a, 58b)!' 3
Sifsei Chachamim: Since another Pasuk - in Behar, 25:14 forbids monetary Ona'ah, this Pasuk must be discussing verbal Ona'ah. Bava Metzi'a, 59b: Besides the current La'av, someone who hurts a Ger verbally transgresses two other La'avin - "ve'Ger Lo Sa'aneh" (Mishpatim, Sh'mos, 22:20) and "ve'Lo Sonu Ish es Amiso" (Vayikra 25:17) - And a Ger is included in the term."Amiso". See note 258.
The Mishnah in Bava Metzi'a make a similar statement regarding a Ba'al Teshuvah. See Torah Temimah, note 257.
Bava Metzi'a, 58b: 'The mouth that ate Neveilos and T'reifos, Shekatzim and Remasim is now coming to learn the Torah that was given by the Almighty!'
