What do we include from "v'Chol Kasdim"?
Radak: They are from other provinces of Bavel.
What are "Pekod v'Sho'a v'Ko'a"?
Targum Yonasan: Pekodai v'Sho'ai v'Ko'ai. Rashi - they are names of countries 1 . A verse supports him ? "v'Al Yoshevei Pekod 2 " (Yirmeyah 50:21).
Rashi: Some say that they are appointees, officers and authorities.
Radak: They are adjectives for the officers mentioned in Yirmeyah (39:13) ? "Nevuzaradan? u'Nevushazban v'Nirgal Sar Etzer Rav Mag" and the others mentioned there. Pekod is like Pekid (an appointee), and also Sho'a is a great Nediv (generous person). Ko'a is a great officer, even though we do not find like this in Tanach.
Malbim: They are nations that obeyed Bavel.
Abarvenel: Or, the names of the officers who came against Yerushalayim, even though they have different names in Yirmeyah (39:13).
The verse teaches only about Pekod, but since it is a country, surely the same applies to Sho'a and Ko'a. (PF)
What is the meaning of "Kol Bnei Ashur Osam"?
Radak: It means Ba'u Itam (came with them. Ba'u is omitted, and) we find that Osam means Itam, just like "va'Adaber Osach" (2:1) is like Itach, and similar verses.
Malbim: "I will arouse your lovers" (22), and also all Bnei Ashur. Also they will remember your former love, and come to restore it like initially. This is why it mentions Bachurei Chemed ? they were its lovers (22:6).
Who are "Keru'im"?
Rashi: They are people who are summonsed. Radak ? this is like "Keru'ei ha'Edah" (Bamidbar 1:16). Also Yonason translates so.
