What is the meaning of "Le'or"?
Rashi, Targum Yonasan: To illuminate.
Why does it say "Chukos Yare'ach v'Chochavim"?
Radak: The laws of their trajectories is a wondrous wisdom. Man cannot fully grasp it - "ha'Yadata Chukos Shamayim" (Iyov 38:13). "Nosen" applies also to "Chukos Yare'ach v'Chochavim Le'or Laylah", as if it says v'Nosen Chukos
What is the meaning of "Roga ha'Yam"?
Rashi: He moves it and agitates it, and it becomes full of furrows (waves). This is like "Uri Raga" (Iyov 7:5).
Radak: He cleaves. The same applies to "Ori Raga" (Iyov 7:5). However, there it is Po'el Omed (the action applies only to the subject), and here it is Po'el Yotzei (acts on others); He split the sea for Yisrael. Even though its waves clamored, He silenced them, and the sea water stood as walls on the right and left, and Yisrael passed through.
Why does it say "va'Yehemu Galav"?
Rashi: The prefix Vov is like in "va'Yered me'Asos ha'Chatas veha'Olah" (Vayikra 9:22) and similar verses, i.e. after he descended. Here it means after they clamored.
Why does the verse mention specifically these matters?
Radak: They endure, and did not change from how they were from of old. So Zera Yisrael will not change from when they return from this [final] exile to be a nation that serves Hashem forever. Radak (35) - it mentioned "Roga ha'Yam", to say that the One who nullified its law for the sake of Yisrael and did a new matter for them, He will do this Chidush, and create for them a new heart to fear Him all days, and nullify for them the nature of the creation "Ki Yetzer Lev ha'Adam Ra mi'Ne'urav" (Bereishis 8:21).
Malbim: All these are fixed natural laws that do not change. So Yisrael's deeds will not change. They will not be able to do evil. It is as if they are forced, without choice.
What is the significance of the name "Hashem Tzevakos"?
Radak: He is the Master of legions above and below, and everything is in His ability.
