What is the translation of "Ha la'Hashem Tigm'lu Zos"?
Rashi and Targum Onkelos: 'Is it before Hashem that you are doing these things?' 1
Seforno: 'Is this what you do to Hashem, who planned to make you a Mamleches Kohanim, 2 and preventing Him from attaining His objective of transforming man into the image of G-d'? 3
Ramban (citing the Ibn Ezra): Refer to 32:9:1:2.
Rashi: Bearing in mind that a. He is able to pay you back, and b. He did for you so many favors!
Seforno: See Bereishis, 1:26.
Why is the 'Hey' of the word "Ha la'Hashem" large?
Ba'al ha'Turim: To hint 'Will you do this to Hashem who gave you the five Books of the Torah?!'
Rosh (in Pasuk 1): To demonstrate that through it, the [hint to] the name of Moshe (who sang the Shirah) is completed. Refer to 32:1:151:1.
What is the difference between "Naval" and "Lo Chacham"?
Rashi: "Naval" means 'ungrateful' for forgetting the favors He did for you (Rosh
See Oznayim la'Torah.
Ramban: Bearing in mind that 'Veis' and 'Fey' are interchangeable, "Naval" is like 'Nafal' - an ungrateful person has fallen from his humanness (he is subhuman) - because gratitude is the most basic human characteristic.
Ramban: As in Yeshayah, 32:5. And that is why the Pasuk in Shmuel 1, 25:25, writes the ungrateful Naval ha'Carmeli - "ki'Shemo Kein Hu!" - See Ramban, DH 'u'Lefi Daiti' who elaborates, and who connects this with the the fact that a dead animal is called a 'Neveilah'.
Ramban: Because it is not Hashem whom they harm with their sins - as the Pasuk states in Iyov, 35, 6 & 7 - only themselves.
As in Yisro, Sh'mos, 18:18 "Navol Tibol". See Ramban DH 'Am Naval ve'Lo Chacham, who explains Targum Onkelos.
Ramban: You did not realize that it is good for you at all times. See Ramban. See also answer #5 and Torah Temimah, note 42.
See Torah Temimah, note 42, who equates the Sifri with Targum Onkelos in answer #3.
What is the meaning of "ha'Lo Hu Avicha Kanecha"?
Rashi: It means 'Is he not your Father 1 who established you - who settled you in a nest among the rocks and in a strong land, who secured you with all kinds of fixtures'?
Ramban #1: It means 'Is He not your Father who bore you and reared you, and who acquired - by taking you from nothing and made you into something (Yesh me'Ayin)? 2
Ramban #2 (in Pasuk 7, citing the Ibn Ezra): It means 'Is He not your father, who acquired you for His honor, and taught you like a father teaches his son?
Seforno: It means 'He is not just a father who just by chance, granted you existence, but one who deliberately granted you an existence that enabled Him to achieve His will and ultimate goal 3 through you'.
Rashbam and Targum Yonasan: It means 'Is He not your Father who acquired you?' 4
Targum Onkelos: It means 'He is your Father, and you belong to Him'. 5
Oznayim la'Torah: "Kon'echa" is synonymous with 'Bor'echa' (the One who created you) - as in the Pasuk in Lech-L'cha Bereishis, 14:19 "Koneh Shamayim va'Aretz".
Mesilas Yesharim (Perek 19): And it is natural for a son to love his father.
Ramban: See Mishlei, 8:22 and Bereishis, 14:19.
Refer to 32:6:151:2.
Refer to 32:6:151:1,2.
What are the connotations of "Hu Ascha, Vayechonenecha"?
Rashi #1: 'He made you a nation among nations, after which He established you with a number of firm bases'.
Rashi #2 (in his original manuscript): 'He made you' - with formed limbs and 'He established you' - by placing inside you 'bases' - innards and intestines. 1
Ramban: 'He is the Rock who made (created) you and fashioned 2 you'.
Seforno: ]He made you into a people and gave you the means to become His treasured nation'.
Targum Onkelos and Targum Yonasan: 'He created you and established you'.
Chulin, 56b #1: With reference to K'lal Yisrael, it means that they are a nation which is self-contained - from within their ranks come Kohanim, prophets, princes and kings.
Chulin, 56b #2: It teaches us that Hashem created bases 3 in man; if one of them is oerturned, the person cannot survive. 4
See also Ba'al ha'Turim.
Ramban: As in Iyov, 31:15.
From the Lashon "es ha'Kiyor ve'es Kano" in Ki Sissa Sh'mos, 30:28 (Rashi in Chulin, Ibid).
As the Navi writes in Zecharyah, 10:4 "Mimenu Pinah, mimenu Yased ... ". See Torah Temimah, note 44.
What does the Torah mean when it writes 'Hu Avicha Kanecha"?
Rashbam: It means that He acquired them when He redeemed them from the house of slaves (Egypt).
Moshav Zekenim: He acquired them from the angel Micha'el. Hashem appointed an angel over every nation. When Yisrael fell to the lot of Micha'el, 1 He (Hashem) said to him, 'Sell your nation to Me, and I will make you a noble and a Kohen in Heaven. 2
Refer to 32:6:4:1-7.
Refer also to 32:8:3:1* & 32:9:1.1:2.
Moshav Zekenim: See Daniel, 10:21, which describes the angel Micha'el as 'our Sar' (heavenly prince). He is the heavenly Kohen Gadol, who offers the Neshamos of Tzadikim killed al Kidush Hashem, which then rise to Hashem to be preserved under the Kisei ha'Kavod.
How can Targum Onkelos and Targum Yonasan connect "Naval" with accepting the Torah - seeing as the word has negative connotations?
Refer to 32::3:4 & 5, and notes.
Kol Eliyahu #1 (citing Bereishis Rabah 17:5): There are three kinds of 'Novlos' (matters with a semblance of something greater)
Our text of the Midrash adds that Noveles of the world to come is Shabbos, and Noveles of the Supreme light is the sun.
