Why does it say "Min Te'em Eloka Yisrael"?
Malbim: It was via Hashgachas Hashem wrapped in nature. Hashem put so in the hearts of the kings; there were not open miracles. It was proper that miracles be done for Yisrael in the days of Ezra like those done for Yehoshua, just sin blocked this.
Which Daryavesh is this?
Rashi: It is Daryavesh ha'Parsi.
Ibn Ezra: It is Daryavesh ha'Midi.
Who is Artachshasta?
Rashi (from Rosh Hashanah 3b): He is Daryavesh. He is called Artachshasta, for so all kings of Paras are called, just like all kings of Egypt are called Pharaoh.
Ibn Ezra: It is Achashverosh.
Malbim (from Rosh Hashanah 3b): Koresh, Daryavesh and Artachshasta are all one.
Malbim citing Ba'al ha'Ma'or (on Rosh Hashanah 3b): According to the simple meaning, they are three different kings. Koresh began, Daryavesh finished the Bayis, and Artachshasta built the walls of Yerushalayim. There are many opinions about the count and names of Malchei Paras; there is not clarity about this.
