Why did Hashem ask him what he sees?
Radak: He asked why he did not scream like the first two times. (It was because he did not see that Hashem will eradicate, only judge them with afflictions and Galus.)
Malbim: Amos saw Chomas Anach, and Anach in Hashem's hand. Hashem asked, which is a Chidush to you?
What Anach did Amos see?
Radak: You will judge them with the scales of Mishpat.
Radak (7): The Great Sanhedrin. The Gematriya of Anach is 71 [the number of judges on the Great Sanhedrin]. I.e. they judged with Ona'ah (affliction).
Malbim: He said that Chomas Anach is not such a Chidush ? I know that everything is arranged with Midah, scales and Midas ha'Din. I am astounded at Anach that You hold after the building. This shows that You want to punish a nation with specific judgment and special Hashgachah, not related to the general Mishpat founded on the Klal of the existence.
What is the meaning of "Hineni Sham Anach"?
Rashi: I will judge you with letter of the law.
Malbim: I will not judge them according to the line of general Din which does not look at the individual to judge him by himself. Also, the general Din sometimes passes over sin and punishment if the general time does not agree with evil. Punishment will wait until it is proper based on natural orders and the Ma'arachah. However, I put a new Anach based on Hashgachah Pratis. (a) I will put it amidst My nation Yisrael to judge each individual with personal Hashgachah and personal Mishpat. (b) Refer to 7:8:4:3.
Why does it say 'Lo Osif Od Avor Lo"?
Rashi: I will not wait (delay punishing) for their sins.
Radak: I will not continue to pass over his sins without punishing. Rather, I will punish him with Mishpatim. They built Bamos and Mikdashim to anger Me. I will destroy them, and those who serve them will fall to the sword, i.e. Beis Yaravam ben Yo'ash, who served and supported those who served, and they could have protested. The sin of the nation is on the king!
Malbim: Even if the general time does not agree with evil based on the natural order, I will not delay the punishment until a time proper for it. Rather, I will judge them based on their deeds according to Hashgachah Pratis.
