1)

What are the connotations of "ve'Lo Sachos Einecha"? To whom does it refer?

1.

Sifri: With reference to a poor man - it means that Beis-Din should not have compassion on him 1 because he is poor and because he did not wound his friend on purpose. 2

1

In spite of their natural compassionate.

2

And there is a principle 'Ein Rachamim ba'Din'.

2)

What are the implications of Nefesh be'Nefesh"?

1.

Makos, 5b: It implies that the witnesses only become Eidim Zomemin if the second pair of witnesses testify after Beis-Din have actually concluded the Din of the Eidim Zomemin. 1

1

See Torah Temimah, note 86.

3)

What are the connotations of "Ayin be'Ayin, Shen be'Shen ... "?

1.

Rashi and Targum Yonasan: It means money ('the value of an eye for an eye, of a tooth for a tooth ... '). 1

2.

Targum Onkelos: It means ?An eye for an eye and a toot for a tooth'.

1

See Sifsei Chachamim. Refr also to 19:21:4:1.

4)

What are the implications of "Yad be'Yad"?

1.

Bava Kama, 84a: It implies 'Davar he'Nitan mi'Yad le'Yad' - Mamon, to teach us that in all the listed acses, the Eidim Zom'min are obligated to pay money. 1

2.

Targum Onkelos: It means ?An arm for an arm'.

3.

Targum Yonasan: It means ?the value of an arm for an arm'.

1

We also learn from here that, if the Eidim Zom'min testify that Reuven owes Shimon money, Beiss-Din sentence to pay (because of "Ka'asher Zamam") and not Malkos (because of "Lo Sa'aneh". See Torah Temimah, note 87, citing Kesuvos, 32b.

5)

How do we know that "Ayin be'Ayin ... " does not mean literally 'an eye for an eye'?

1.

Rashi (in Bava Kama, 84a): Because if it did, having written "Va'asisem lo Ka'sher La'asos le'Achiv", it would not have been necessary to write "Ayin be'Ayin ... ". 1

1

See Torah Temimah, citing Bava Kama, Ibid. and Oznayim la'Torah.

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